St Ignatius was very much a product of his time – a Spanish Basque of noble birth who was trained in the military arts before his conversion to a deeper discipleship of Christ.
He did not stop at half measures. Some historians credit the Jesuits
Musings on the journey Dóchas Nua = New Hope. "Never forget that what you are doing is meant to benefit all of us. Be generous in sharing what you learn and what you experience, as best you can and however you can. Do not hesitate to share the joy and the amazement born of your contemplation of the ‘seeds’ that, in the words of Saint Augustine, God has sown in the harmony of the universe.” - Pope Leo XIV {Email to tomasohealai@gmail.com to subscribe for weekly updates}
St Ignatius was very much a product of his time – a Spanish Basque of noble birth who was trained in the military arts before his conversion to a deeper discipleship of Christ.
He did not stop at half measures. Some historians credit the Jesuits
Sunday 2 August 2026
Lectio
Divina:*
|
Psalm
145(144) |
|
|
Meditatio:
‘And all ate and were filled; and they took up what was
left over of the broken pieces, twelve baskets full’ (Matt 14:20)
Commentary:
(The miracle of the loaves and feeding of the crowds is to be found in all four gospels - Mark 6:30-44, Luke 9:10-17 and John 6:1-15.).
in his 1932 book An Essay on the Nature and Significance
of Economic Science, Lionel Robbins declared that:
Economics is the science which studies human behaviour as a relationship between ends and scarce means which have alternative uses.
This definition was taught to me as a first-year Political Economy student more than fifty years ago. Even then, I was unconvinced that economics was a
Because there is one bread, we who are many are one body, for we all partake of the one bread. (10:17)
One of the fascinating aspects of life is the infinite diversity of
people. God never repeats himself: each
one is uniquely made and fashioned. We
are as the psalmist says:
For it was you who formed my inward parts; you knit me together in my mother’s womb. (139:13).
Each living human being is unique and gifted
from the first moment of conception. Reason, science, and faith together point us towards this truth. When
he assumed the office of Pope, Benedict XVI said:
We are not some casual and meaningless product of evolution. Each of us is the result of a thought of God. Each of us is willed, each of us is loved, each of us is necessary.
The French philosopher, Blaise Pascal, once wrote:
I have often said that the sole cause of man's unhappiness is that he does not know how to stay quietly in his room [Source]
[..j’ai dit souvent que tout le malheur des hommes vient d’une seule chose, qui est de ne savoir pas demeurer en repos dans une chambre].
Remaining silent for even a few minutes seems harder than ever in an age of constant digital distraction and social media. Yet if we were to set aside just ten minutes each day for silence - whether alone or in the company of others who are likewise silent - we might begin to cultivate a habit that would serve us well. If we were then to integrate this practice into
The butterflies have been active throughout the summer months, helping to pollinate flowers and contributing to a healthy garden ecosystem. These are insects of such delicacy and beauty – yet we seldom associate them with powerful effects.
There is a theory that
tiny changes in one place can have ripple effects elsewhere in the world. This
idea, often associated with the ‘butterfly effect’, suggests that complex
systems can be surprisingly sensitive to small changes.
This might seem fanciful at first, but a moment’s reflection on just how complex,
unpredictable and inter-related our world is suggests that these ideas
associated with ‘chaos theory’ are not so far-fetched.
The flap of a
butterfly's wings may not trigger a tornado across the ocean. Yet the insight
behind the butterfly effect - that small actions can have consequences far
beyond what we immediately perceive - reminds us not to underestimate acts of
kindness, presence and adoration.
My interest in one particular application of the butterfly effect was triggered by a chance reading of this article – The “butterfly effect” in eucharistic adoration:
In the upheaval surrounding the trauma suffered by victims of sexual, psychological and physical abuse over recent decades, very many people directly or indirectly affected have turned their backs on the Roman Catholic Church. Although the reasons for abandoning the Church and its sacraments are many and complex, the prevalence not only of abuse but also of the woefully inadequate - and at times mendacious - response of senior prelates has been a major factor in accelerating the decline in religious observance.
I know people who have
been deeply traumatised and for whom the very sight of a religious habit or
symbol evokes anger, fear and revulsion. Catholics do well not to underestimate
this reality. It is true that media coverage has not always been fair and that
the impressions left on the wider population are sometimes misleading.
Nevertheless, the suffering of victims and the failures of Church leadership
have left deep wounds.
Amid this maelstrom of grief, anger and disillusionment, some have asked: "How can a Mass celebrated by an evil priest ever be valid?" Or, "How can defiled hands consecrate the Body of Christ?"
Today is the World Day for Grandparents and the elderly. Realistically, being a senior and a grandparent often go together! One of the great blessings of being a grandparent is the freedom to welcome the little children as Jesus did and then return them to their parents!
According to a number of sources including this one, Mikhail Gorbachev, the former Soviet leader, was baptised due to the influence and encouragement of his grandmother in the decade of the Stalinist terror of the 1930s. The Christian faith survived in Russia and other parts of the USSR thanks in no small part to the witness of countless believers, among them many of the babushki – the grandmothers of Russia. When many churches were closed and public religious practices made difficult if not impossible, family networks kept the faith alive. Many grandparents encouraged baptisms of their grandchildren and prayed with them. Their involvement in the lives of their grandchildren helped preserve memories, customs and the rudiments of a living faith.
My home city, Dublin, has been blessed with the presence of the Congregation of the BlessedSacrament since 1970. A modest chapel opened that year on D'Olier Street before moving, in 1995, to Bachelor's Walk, where it remains today.
Many hundreds of people pass through its doors each day - some to pause for a prayer before the exposed Blessed Sacrament, others to attend one of the daily Masses or celebrate the sacrament of reconciliation or, perhaps, seek spiritual help as I did from 1981 for a time. People come from every walk of life, representing a wide range of ages, backgrounds and circumstances. The visible signs of homelessness, addiction and mental health struggles that mark the streets of the city are not absent from this oasis of peace. Equally noticeable is the growing number of visitors from other continents, many of whom appear younger than those typically found in many parish congregations.
Sunday 26 July 2026
Lectio
Divina:*
‘Give your servant therefore an understanding mind to govern
your people, able to discern between good and evil; for who can govern this
your great people?’’ (1 Kings 3:9)
Commentary:
The gift of discernment is something we treasure especially as we learn, hopefully, from successes and mistakes in the course of one’s life. In the first reading, we hear that God was pleased with his servant, Solomon, ‘because you … have not asked for yourself long life or riches’ but had asked for ‘understanding to discern what is right’. Listening to a moving and inspiring introductory speech by newly appointed Prime Minister, Andy Burnham, on the outside 10 Downing Street the other day prompted me to think about the role of political leadership especially at this time when all that we had taken for granted – democracy, human rights, freedom of the press, rule of law, international solidarity and peace – seem to be very much under attack.
![]() |
| About Romero – The Archbishop Romero Trust |
He died at the altar
while offering the Holy Sacrifice of the Mass, uniting his life to the
sacrifice of Christ. His crime was that he
had spoken out courageously and continually against injustice and State terror.
He had called on members of the
security forces not to obey immoral orders to kill.
A holy priest who had earned a reputation as a somewhat quiet and conservative man dedicated to piety moved into a troubled place when he had been appointed archbishop of El Salvador in 1977. As the Vaticannews site says:
Some years ago I was
buying provisions in a shop in the West Cork Gaeltacht (Irish-speaking
area). I spoke in Irish with the shop
keeper. For some reason I burst out in tears afterwards. The conversation had
triggered a strong emotion. You see, my late father used to speak to me, on occasions,
in Irish using his ‘Muscaraí’ dialect of Irish as spoken today by a small
number of people in West Cork. He was not a native speaker and I was not
brought up through Irish. However, the inflections, cadences, rhythm and turn
of phrase was, for me, like walking back in time. It was a delightful experience even if tinged
by sadness at my loss.
Source: here
Language is a strange
thing. People go to war over language; it
touches on identity, connection, meaning and continuity. In the Church some people go to war over
language in the liturgy…
Latin is the
‘official’ language of the Roman Catholic Church. For over 1,500 years it was the only or main
language used in the Roman rites of the Western Church. I heard Mass only in Latin for the first 10
years or so of my own life before the ‘vernacular’ became the norm in the mid-
to late-1960s following the reforms ushered in by Vatican II.
A common misconception, nowadays, is that Vatican II ‘abolished’ the Latin Mass. Vatican II had relatively little to say about the language of the Liturgy. In Sacrosanctum Concilium (1963) it did confirm that:
![]() |
| A prayer meeting organized by the Taizé community. Credit: Christian Pulfrich, CC BY-SA 4.0 DEED, Wikimedia |
Saint Lawrence of Brindisi (1559-1619) whose feast day is celebrated, today, in the Roman Catholic Church was a Capuchin friar and priest as well as one of the Doctors officially recognised as such by the Roman Church. Among his many gifts were a wide range of languages including Hebrew and Greek helping him to preach in ways that were thoroughly grounded in sacred scripture. This was of particular significance at the height of the controversies that ensued from the protestant reformation in the 16th and 17th centuries. He was also known as a great listener, diplomat and peacemaker. As oneFranciscan source said about him:
His constant devotion to Scripture, coupled with great sensitivity to the needs of people, present a lifestyle which appeals to Christians today.
Answer: This, I suggest,
is the wrong starting point. The first question should
be: How could a Christian possibly miss the celebration of the Lord’s death and
resurrection on the Lord’s own day? And,
how could anyone, knowingly and intentionally, miss such a wonderful
opportunity to unite one’s sufferings and joys with those of Christ and to do so
in communion with other believers in a parish or specific geographical
community? Legally speaking, attendance
at Mass is a strict requirement for Roman Catholics on Sundays and Holy Days (the latter as appointed
by the local Church authorities). It is
written into Canon Law and is seen as part of the fulfilment of the Third
Commandment to keep the Sabbath holy. There is no disputing that.
I recall being taught
that there was a gradation of seriousness in missing parts of Mass, and that
arriving after a certain point in the liturgy could mean that one had not
fulfilled the Sunday obligation. My recollection was that the Gospel marked an
important dividing line, though the actual moral theology was probably more
nuanced than a simple venial-versus-mortal distinction. There were, also, the
question of knowledge and consent. So, for example, a farm worker might have
been delayed due to the lambing season or a family member suddenly got sick and
had to be attended.
Just by way of reality
check and based on my own personal calculations, a parish in Ireland today
would count its good fortunes to get a turnout of more than 20% among nominally
Catholic parishioners or 5% among those between the ages of 12 and 40. And,
frankly, I would not vouch for the *orthopraxis* (as distinct from orthodoxy)
of many of those who do attend.
As Catholics we need
to grow up more and take responsibility for the wonderful faith in, and gift of,
this sacrament. And, if the homily is less than inspiring and if the presence
of others whose lives might appear to be less than exemplary we have yet
another occasion to make our daily offering of suffering [thankfully the homilies are inspiring in my parish!]. After all the Church could be seen as a Refugium
Peccatorum – a refuge of sinners (applied often to Our Lady who was
of course without sin) - and there is always room for one more – me!
*orthopraxis* -
denotes right practice (living according to those beliefs)
According to St Seraphim of Sarov, a Saint of
the Russian Orthodox Church (1754-1833):
St Seraphim of Sarov
‘Acquire a peaceful spirit, and around you thousands will be saved’.
In his monastic life he touched the lives of many though he lived much of his life as a hermit. He lived in communion with the Church and by all accounts the gifts of Holy Spirit were showered on him in abundance. Seventy years after his death he was canonised by the Russian Orthodox Church. His relics were confiscated by the Bolsheviks after the 1917 revolution but rediscovered in 1991 having been hidden in an anti-religious museum during the Soviet era.
The sanctuary is the
focal point of any Roman Catholic or Orthodox church. It is the area where the
altar (or Holy Table in the Orthodox tradition) is located, together with the
ambo for the proclamation of God's Word and the chair of the presiding priest.
The reserved Eucharist is normally given a place of special honour, often
within the sanctuary or in a prominent chapel associated with it.
Church of the Holy Spirit, Ballyroan, Dublin
Question: Why can only priests say Mass
Answer: Catholics believe that the Mass links back, directly, to the Last Supper. At the Last Supper, Jesus instituted the Eucharist and, commissioned the apostles to continue the commemoration of his Passover in the breaking of bread. The Letters of St Paul and the Acts of the Apostles testify to the key importance of the Eucharist in the life of the early Church. Over time, practices became more ritualised and the person presiding at the breaking of bread was recognised as someone who had received authority through the apostles to preside on behalf of the Church.
Sunday 19 July 2026
Lectio
Divina:*
|
Meditatio:
‘Let anyone with ears listen!’ (Matthew 13:43)
Commentary:
In today’s first reading from the Book of Wisdom - one of the books included in the Catholic and Orthodox biblical canon - we encounter a God who offers second chances to those who stray. He is a God who never ceases to seek out people and invite them into his Kingdom. As the reading tells us about God, ‘you judge with mildness’ (Wisdom 12:18). Some translations render this phrase as, ‘you govern us with great lenience’.
Question: Do you have particular feelings or insights when you receive Holy Communion? Have you ever had a mystical experience at Mass or Holy Communion?
Answer: No.
Typically, I do not recall particular unusual or ‘other worldly’ experiences at Mass or Holy Communion. Two or three, at least, in 1981/82 I recall a moment of what I might call lucidity or raised awareness of a higher power or love looking over a group of people. That lucidity was a moment of quiet peace and joy that is hard to put in words. However, this was not in the context of a celebration of Mass. Rather, it was during a meeting of Christians gathered in the name of Jesus – on one occasion to sing the Divine Liturgy of Vespers or Compline and the other during a meet of people to share experiences. Frankly, I am not what one might call a particularly outward person given to strong emotional expressions or someone who has had special ‘mystical’ experiences however that might be defined.
Since embracing or
re-embracing Catholicism more than one in my adult life I have adhered to a
very ordinary and unremarkable practice of participation. Speaking in tongues,
having visions, being slain by the Holy Spirit and bursting into tears of joy
or compunction is not my way. In no way, do I disparage or dismiss those who follow
a different way of expression.
Of course, there have
been times of particular consolation or even excitement such as when receiving
during the Covid-19 period after being ‘locked in’ for a while.
All that said, I will
confide that at least one of the seven sacraments has been the occasion, at
times, of strong feeling and insight into God’s mercy – the Sacrament of Reconciliation
or Penance. Therein, lies a jewel in Catholic practice and life and one that I have never let go of since 1981.
Saint Vladimir of Kiev (963–1015) is commemorated today by the Greek Orthodox and Roman Catholic Churches as a saint of the undivided, pre-schism Church.
He ruled the lands of
Kievan Rus, centred on Kiev and encompassing territories that today form parts
of Ukraine, Belarus and western Russia. The Christianisation of these lands
came relatively late. Under Vladimir's rule, Christianity gradually supplanted
the pagan deities and religious practices that had long held sway among the
peoples of Rus.
Saint Vladimir used princely authority to promote the Christianisation of his realm. This process almost certainly involved varying degrees of coercion and compulsion, though historians continue to debate the extent to which conversions were forced.
Of the three ‘sacraments of initiation’ (Baptism, Confirmation and the Eucharist), the Eucharist is the only sacrament that can be repeated over and over again. This is so because we need the heavenly bread for our journey and this is echoed or prefigured in the story of Elijah in the first Book of Kings (19:4-8):
.jpeg)
Abraham and Melchizedek - by Juan Antonio de Frías y Escalante (1633-1670)
As discussed in an earlier post, An important work (Jesus and the
Jewish roots of the Eucharist #1), and in the short series tagged Jewish roots, I have explored
the specifically Jewish character of the Eucharist. Christians understand many
of the language, symbols and rituals of the Old Testament as foreshadowing or
prefiguring the Eucharist. This understanding arises in the light of Christ and
the New Testament, rather than from the conscious intention of the ancient
authors themselves.
In this post, I briefly consider several
passages from the Pentateuch - the Torah, or the first five books of the Bible
- that Christians have traditionally associated with the Eucharist.
In Genesis14:18 we read:
King Melchizedek of Salem brought out bread and wine; he was priest of God Most High.
Catholic tradition has long seen
Melchizedek's offering of bread and wine as a foreshadowing of the Eucharist.
These are the very elements used by Jesus at the Last Supper, when he speaks of
the cup as the ‘new covenant in my blood’ (Luke22:20). This connection is reflected
in the Roman Canon (Eucharistic Prayer I), whose core elements are attested by
the late fourth century and whose overall form was substantially fixed by the
sixth century. Shortly after the consecration, the priest prays:
Be pleased to look upon these offerings with a serene and kindly countenance and to accept them, as once you were pleased to accept the gifts of your servant Abel the just, the sacrifice of Abraham, our father in faith, and the offering of your high priest Melchizedek, a holy sacrifice, a spotless victim.
The sacrifice of Isaac in Genesis22 is likewise regarded by many scholars as a foreshadowing of Christ's
sacrifice and therefore, indirectly, of the Eucharist. Abraham is tested in his
obedience to God, but God provides a substitute victim on the mountain, where Isaac
had carried the wood for his own sacrifice.
In Exodus12, the institution of the first Passover centres on a lamb without blemish whose blood saves God's people. The lamb is then eaten in a ritual memorial of God's saving action. Christians have traditionally understood the Passover as a type of Christ’s sacrifice and of the Eucharist. Christ is the true Paschal Lamb who takes away the sins of the world and the Eucharist is our sacramental participation in his one sacrifice. When Jesus declares, ‘This is my body’ (Matthew26:26), he identifies himself as the true sacrificial offering. Through his blood we are delivered and redeemed, a reality foreshadowed in the Passover and fulfilled on the Cross. In the Holy Sacrifice of the Mass, we remember, celebrate and partake of this saving mystery.
There are times when we feel we have a right to do good things regardless of others. I am speaking, here, of particular prayers, forms of liturgy and participation in good and holy things. Just because an action is good in itself does not necessarily mean that it is the best thing to do or, indeed, the right thing to do in a given situation. We must be mindful of our own relationships, family, community and faith tradition to which we belong. If our actions cause unnecessary upset to others or risks sowing or exacerbating divisions in the Body of Christ then we ought not do such good things but, instead, trust in providence.
Sunday 12 July 2026
Lectio
Divina:*
|
|
Meditatio:
‘But as for what was sown on good soil, this is the one who hears the word and understands it, who indeed bears fruit and yields, in one case a hundredfold, in another sixty, and in another thirty’ (Matthew 13:23)
Commentary:
Since retirement and moving to the countryside, I have had
the space, time and opportunity to take up gardening. I am still learning. The
pleasure of seeing something grow from a tiny seed is a reward in itself. Yet I
am very aware that I am only a partner in the process.
Someone else harvested, processed and packaged the seeds. The soil provided nourishment. Sunshine and plentiful Irish rain created the conditions for growth. And still, many seedlings failed to appear. Of the twenty-four seeds I planted in one tray, perhaps only half made it as far as transplanting. Gardening is a humbling experience.
Question: why is there so much ritual in the Roman
Catholic liturgy?
Answer: To understand the role of ritual in the liturgy, we must first remember
that the liturgy is the work of God, who continues to sanctify his people
through the sacraments. In the Eucharist, Christ becomes truly present and
draws us into his saving sacrifice.
Catholic liturgy – including the Eucharist – is rooted in ancient tradition and is anchored in clear rites, prayers, and customs so that the mysteries of Christ may be celebrated faithfully and handed on from generation to generation. A free-for-all approach does not sit comfortably with this tradition. We are dealing with sacred realities that transcend personal preference and popular fashion.
Answer: The Sign of Peace is a powerful gesture and reminder that we participate in the Eucharist not as isolated individuals but as members of the Body of Christ. It calls us to be reconciled with one another before we approach the altar (Matthew 5:23-24). It is also an expression of friendship, communion and goodwill towards those gathered around us. In exchanging the Sign of Peace, we are wishing the peace of Christ upon our neighbours, recalling the words of the Risen Lord who greeted his disciples, saying, “Peace be with you” (John 20:19–26).
There are numerous
references in the New Testament to Christians greeting one another with a “holy
kiss”: Romans 16:16, 1 Corinthians 16:20, 2 Corinthians 13:12, 1 Thessalonians
5:26 and 1 Peter 5:14. Saint Paul reminds us:
Because there is one bread, we who are many are one body, for we all partake of the one bread (1 Corinthians 10:17).
Answer: Clearly, the answer must lie in the good sense and experience of those who attend very frequently. Very frequent attendance might be defined, here, as attending more often than once a week on Sunday – or on a Holy Day - which is required of all Catholics. A more frequent participation in the Mass along with reception of Holy Communion is a daily exercise that greatly adds to other exercises such as walking, eating, reading and giving thanks. More frequent participation in the Eucharist nourishes our relationship with Christ and strengthens us for Christian discipleship.
![]() |
| by Riccardo Sanno |
St Maria Goretti did not write about the Mass, but she lived its meaning profoundly. Her life reflected the sacrificial love, forgiveness and union with Christ that the Mass makes present. Having made her First Holy Communion only a short time before her death, she received her final Holy Communion with the same if not more fervour and devotion. May the same be true for those of us who have received the Eucharist over many years.
Question: Where, in the Bible, is the Mass found?
Answer: The Mass makes present Christ's Paschal Mystery - especially his one sacrifice on the Cross, together with his Death, Resurrection and Ascension. The origins of the Eucharist are in the teaching, ministry and, especially, the Passover of the Lord when he gave his body and blood for us on Calvary. The New Testament does not contain the fully developed theological language later used by the Church, but it contains the essential foundations of Eucharistic doctrine.
The Eucharist is not a mere private devotion or practice reserved for a spiritual elite. Yes, of course, it is necessary and good that all of humanity be brought to the fullness of truth that is in Christ and that, I believe, is fully expressed in the Roman Catholic Church notwithstanding the many individual and collective acts of betrayal of some of its membership, including its leadership.
It is a scandal when the Eucharist is celebrated to condone or congratulate emperors, slave owners and despots. In its long history, the Church has discovered and rediscovered the essential truths of the Gospel in its practice of the Eucharist purified of political associations either imposed or willingly embraced. I am thinking here, for example, of the association of some Catholics with fascist regimes in the mid-20th Century. We have to face the truths of history with honesty.
Sunday 5 July 2026
Lectio
Divina:*
|
|
Meditatio:
‘Come to me, all you that are weary and are carrying heavy
burdens, and I will give you rest’ (Matthew 11:28)
Commentary:
We tire from striving. We grow weary carrying burdens that were never meant to be carried alone. In his Son, God comes to us not as a despotic ruler but as a gentle king and suffering servant who gives his life for his people. God remains faithful when all around seems out of control. Evil never has the final word. Some may say that we are on the wrong side of history. Yet human history itself finds its meaning within God's greater plan of salvation. God's desire for his people is peace, life and communion with him. This is the theme running through each of the readings, today.
Question: So, what do you say when you are in the Real Presence and focussed on adoration?
Answer: Nothing in particular.
A saint once said, “God looks at me and I look at God.” That is often enough.
If the Holy Spirit moves me to think,
speak, or pray about something, then I follow that prompting. If I am lost for
words, I simply remain there - quiet, attentive and receptive.
If I feel bored and find myself watching
the clock, then that too becomes something I can offer to Jesus in the Blessed
Sacrament: “Here I am, Lord - bored and dry.”
If I begin to wonder what I am doing there, or whether I truly believe in the Real Presence, I pray the words of the Gospel: “Lord, I believe; help my unbelief.”
Question: Does believing in the ‘Real Presence’ make any difference?
Answer: I believe that it does. It
determines how we approach the great sacrament of the Eucharist, how
significant participation is and what is at stake when we receive the sacrament
in holy communion. It also matters, I believe,
because the bread and wine that become the body and blood of Christ transforms
our worldly way of seeing things and living.
We cannot, simply, walk away and continue living as we did before. We
have met the Risen Christ in an altogether special and unique way that demands
a complete surrender of our wills and conversion of life. This is why it is a
good and wholesome thing to receive as often as we can provided that we are
properly disposed.